In chronic viral infections and cancer, T cells can be overstimulated by the amount of antigen present. Over time, they can lose their ability to function and clear the pathogen, which is known as a state of exhaustion. During this time, T cells increase expression of several inhibitory immune receptors like PD-1 and Tim-3. Blockade of these immunosuppressive markers could help reverse T cell exhaustion. Chew et al. specifically targeted TIGIT, a member of the CD28 family found on NK cells, CD8+ T cells, and CD4+ T cell subsets. BioLegend offers a new anti-TIGIT clone (A1513G), as well as antibodies for several other exhaustion markers.

Adapted from Chew, G.M. et al. 2016. PLoS Pathog. 12:E1005349. Pubmed
Chew et al. found that HIV patients had elevated expression of TIGIT and PD-1 on CD8+ T cells and correlated with disease progression. Ex vivo blockade of TIGIT or combinatorial blocking with PD-1 led to increased proliferation of CD8+ T cells as well as boosted production of IFN-γ and IL-2. This presents a novel suggestion that TIGIT can be targeted to reverse T cell exhaustion in the hopes that these revitalized cells can clear viral infections like HIV.

Exhaustion Marker Reagents

Mouse Antibodies Human Antibodies
Specificity Clone Specificity Clone
CD152 (CTLA-4) 9H10, UC10-4B9 CD152 (CTLA-4) A3.6B10.G1, BNI3, L3D10
CD160 7H1 CD160 BY55
CD223 (LAG-3) C9B7W CD223 (LAG-3) 11C3C65, 7H2C65
CD244.2 m2B4 (B6)458.1 CD244 C1.7
CD366 (Tim-3) B8.2C12, RMT3-23 CD366 (Tim-3) F38-2E2
TIGIT (Vstm3) 1G9 TIGIT (Vstm3) A15153G
* The following formats for clone A15153G are coming soon: Brilliant Violet 421™, Brilliant Violet 605™, PE/Cy7, PE/Dazzle™ 594, and PerCP/Cy5.5.
Human ELISAs
LEGEND MAX™ Human Soluble CTLA-4 ELISA Kit with Pre-coated Plates
Human Recombinant Proteins
Recombinant Human CTLA-4 (ELISA Std.)
Recombinant Human CTLA-4-Fc Chimera (carrier-free)
Recombinant Human TIM-3-Fc Chimera (carrier-free)
Mouse Recombinant Proteins
Recombinant Mouse CTLA-4-Fc Chimera (carrier-free)

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