TH1 Pathway (Cellular Immune Response)

Th1 cells are a specialized subset of T helper cells that mediate the cellular response to infection. Activated CD4+ T cells differentiate into Th1 cells in the presence of IL-12 and IL-18. Th1 cells produce IL-2, IFN-γ, IRFs, and TNF-α to mediate proliferation of cytotoxic CD8+ T cells and induce macrophage activation. Important markers of Th1 cells include T-bet, IFN-γ Rα, LFA1, CCCR1, CCR5, IL-18R, and Tim-3.

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