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Anti-GFAP (Cocktail) (Previously Covance catalog# SMI-22R)

Pricing & Availability
Clone
SMI 22 (See other available formats)
Regulatory Status
RUO
Other Names
Glial fibrillary acidic protein
Previously
Covance Catalog# SMI-22R
Isotype
Mouse IgG2b
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Product Citations
publications
SMI-22_Ascites_GFAP_Antibody_1_012820.png
IHC staining of anti-GFAP (Cocktail) antibody (clone SMI 22) on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded human brain tissue. Following antigen retrieval using Retrieve-All Antigen Unmasking System 3: Acidic, 100X (Cat. No. 927601), the tissue was incubated with a 1:2000 dilution of the primary antibody for 60 minutes at room temperature. BioLegend's Ultra-Streptavidin (USA) HRP Detection Kit (Multi-Species, DAB, Cat. No. 929901) was used for detection followed by hematoxylin counterstaining, according to the protocol provided. The image was captured with a 40X objective. Scale bar: 50 µm
  • SMI-22_Ascites_GFAP_Antibody_1_012820.png
    IHC staining of anti-GFAP (Cocktail) antibody (clone SMI 22) on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded human brain tissue. Following antigen retrieval using Retrieve-All Antigen Unmasking System 3: Acidic, 100X (Cat. No. 927601), the tissue was incubated with a 1:2000 dilution of the primary antibody for 60 minutes at room temperature. BioLegend's Ultra-Streptavidin (USA) HRP Detection Kit (Multi-Species, DAB, Cat. No. 929901) was used for detection followed by hematoxylin counterstaining, according to the protocol provided. The image was captured with a 40X objective. Scale bar: 50 µm
  • SMI-22_Ascites_GFAP_Antibody_2_012820.png
    IHC staining of anti-GFAP (Cocktail) antibody (clone SMI 22) on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded mouse brain tissue. Following antigen retrieval using Retrieve-All Antigen Unmasking System 3: Acidic, 100X (Cat. No. 927601), the tissue was incubated with a 1:2000 dilution of the primary antibody for 60 minutes at room temperature. BioLegend's Ultra-Streptavidin (USA) HRP Detection Kit (Multi-Species, DAB, Cat. No. 929901) was used for detection followed by hematoxylin counterstaining, according to the protocol provided. The image was captured with a 40X objective. Scale bar: 50 µm
  • SMI-22_Ascites_GFAP_Antibody_3_012820.png
    IHC staining of anti-GFAP (Cocktail) antibody (clone SMI 22) on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded rat brain tissue. Following antigen retrieval using Retrieve-All Antigen Unmasking System 3: Acidic, 100X (Cat. No. 927601), the tissue was incubated with a 1:1000 dilution of the primary antibody for 60 minutes at room temperature. BioLegend's Ultra-Streptavidin (USA) HRP Detection Kit (Multi-Species, DAB, Cat. No. 929901) was used for detection followed by hematoxylin counterstaining, according to the protocol provided. The image was captured with a 40X objective. Scale bar: 50 µm
  • SMI-22_Ascites_GFAP_Antibody_4_012820.png
    Western blot of anti-GFAP (Cocktail) antibody (clone SMI 22). Lane 1: Molecular weight marker; Lane 2: 20 µg of human brain membrane lysate; Lane 3: 20 µg of mouse brain membrane lysate; Lane 4: 20 µg of rat brain membrane lysate. The blot was incubated with a 1:2000 dilution of the primary antibody overnight at 4°C, followed by incubation with HRP goat anti-mouse IgG antibody (Cat. No. 405306). Enhanced chemiluminescence was used as the detection system.
  • SMI-22_Ascites_GFAP_Antibody_5_012820.png
    ICC staining of anti-GFAP (Cocktail) antibody (clone SMI 22) on primary mouse astrocytes. The cells were fixed with 4% PFA, permeabilized with a buffer containing 0.1% Triton X-100 and 0.25% BSA, and blocked with 2% normal goat serum and 0.02% BSA. The cells were then incubated with a 1:1000 dilution of the primary antibody overnight at 4°C, followed by incubation with 2.5 µg/mL of Alexa Fluor® 594 goat anti-mouse IgG antibody (Cat. No. 405326) for one hour at room temperature. The cells were counterstained with Flash Phalloidin™ Green 488 (Cat. No. 424201) at a 1:100 dilution for 20 minutes at room temperature. The slide was mounted with fluoromount G with DAPI. The image was captured with a 60X objective. Scale bar: 50 µm
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835301 100 µL £213
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Description

Glial fibrillary acidic protein is an intermediate filament (IF) protein that is expressed by numerous cell types of the central nervous system (CNS) including astrocytes and ependymal cells. GFAP has also been found to be expressed in glomeruli and peritubular fibroblasts, Leydig cells of the testis, keratinocytes, osteocytes and chondrocytes and stellate cells of the pancreas and liver. GFAP is a type III IF protein that is closely related to its non-epithelial family members, vimentin, desmin, and peripherin, which are all involved in the structure and function of the cell’s cytoskeleton. GFAP is thought to help to maintain astrocyte mechanical strength, as well as the shape of cells.

Type III intermediate filaments are highly conserved and contain three domains, named the head, rod and tail domains. This rod domain coils around that of another filament to form a dimer, with the N-terminal and C-terminal of each filament aligned. Type III filaments such as GFAP are capable of forming both homodimers and heterodimers; GFAP can polymerize with other type III proteins or with neurofilament protein (NF-L). Interestingly, GFAP and other type III IF proteins cannot assemble with keratins, the type I and II intermediate filaments: in cells that express both proteins, two separate intermediate filament networks form.

To form networks, the initial GFAP dimers combine to make staggered tetramers, which are the basic subunits of an intermediate filament. The non-helical head and tail domains are necessary for filament formation. The head and tail regions have greater variability of sequence and structure. In spite of this increased variability, the head of GFAP contains two conserved arginines and an aromatic residue that are required for proper assembly.

Product Details
Technical Data Sheet (pdf)

Product Details

Verified Reactivity
Human, Mouse, Rat
Reported Reactivity
Chicken
Antibody Type
Monoclonal
Host Species
Mouse
Formulation
Ascites Fluid (contains 0.01M sodium azide).
Preparation
Ascites
Concentration
The concentration is not quantified as this product is sold as undiluted crude mouse ascites fluid. The concentration might vary from lot-to-lot and an estimated concentration would be 1-3 mg/ml.
Storage & Handling
Store at -20°C. Upon initial thawing, apportion into working aliquots and store at -20°C. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles to prevent denaturing the antibody. For long-term storage, keep the antibody at -80°C.
Application

IHC-P - Quality tested
ICC, WB - Verified
Recommended Usage

Each lot of this antibody is quality control tested by formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded immunohistochemical staining. For immunohistochemistry, a dilution range of 1:1000 – 1:2000 is suggested. For western blotting, a dilution range of 1:1000 – 1:2000 is suggested.  For immunocytochemistry, a dilution range of 1:1000 – 1:2000 is suggested. It is recommended that the reagent be titrated for optimal performance for each application.

Application Notes

Multiple protein fragments ranging from 38 to 48 kD have been reported in human CNS lysates resulting from caspase- and calpain-mediated cleavage of GFAP.

Application References

(PubMed link indicates BioLegend citation)
  1. Kanno H, et al. 2014. J. Neurosci. 5:1838. (IHC) PubMed
  2. Vergo S, et al. 2011. Brain 134:571. (IHC)
  3. Jiang H, et al. 2012. Neurology 17:1767. (IHC, IP, WB) PubMed
  4. Traka M, et al. 2008. J. Neurosci. 45:11537. (IHC-P, WB) PubMed
  5. Bourque SL, et al. 2013. PLoS One 4:e61861. (IHC-F) PubMed
Product Citations
  1. Saleh B, et al. 2022. Int J Mol Sci. 23: . PubMed
  2. Abey A, et al. 2020. Brain Pathol. 31:144. PubMed
  3. Khan S, et al. 2023. iScience. 26:106277. PubMed
  4. Jiang H, et al. 2012. Neurology. 79:1767-1773. PubMed
  5. Lin N, et al. 2016. Mol Biol Cell. 27(25):3980-3990. PubMed
  6. Evonuk KS, et al. 2020. Sci Adv. 6:eaax5936. PubMed
  7. Traka M, et al. 2008. J Neurosci. 28:11537-11549. PubMed
  8. Bourque S, et al. 2013. PLoS One. 8:e61861. PubMed
  9. Care RA et al. 2019. Cell Rep. 27(7):2171-2183 . PubMed
  10. Zelikoff JT, et al. 2018. Toxicol Sci. 162:276. PubMed
  11. Huang S, et al. 2020. Cell Rep. 33:108394. PubMed
  12. Polis B, et al. 2018. Neurotherapeutics. 15:1036. PubMed
  13. Yu K, et al. 2016. Nat Mater. 10.1038/nmat4624. PubMed
  14. Kanno H, et al. 2014. J Neurosci. 34:1838-1855. PubMed
  15. Boscher E, et al. 2021. Front Neurosci. 14:591138. PubMed
RRID
AB_2565344 (BioLegend Cat. No. 835301)

Antigen Details

Structure
GFAP is a 432 amino acid protein with a molecular mass of ~50 kD.
Distribution

Tissue distribution: GFAP is expressed by numerous cell types of the central nervous system (CNS) including astrocytes, ependymal cells, and Bergmann glia cells (protoplasmic astrocyte). GFAP is expressed in cells lacking fibronectin.
Cellular distribution: Cytoskeleton and cytosol

Function
GFAP is a class-III intermediate filament and a structural constituent of the cytoskeleton. It is a cell-specific marker that is used to distinguish astrocytes from other glial cells during the development of the CNS.
Cell Type
Astrocytes
Biology Area
Cell Biology, Neuroscience, Neuroscience Cell Markers
Molecular Family
Intermediate Filaments
Antigen References
  1. van Bodegraven EJ, et al. 2019. Glia. 10.1002/glia.23594.
  2. Pekny M, et al. 2019. Neurosci Lett. 689:45.
  3. Hol EM, et al. 2017. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 9(12)
Gene ID
2670 View all products for this Gene ID
UniProt
View information about GFAP on UniProt.org

Related FAQs

There are no FAQs for this product.
Go To Top Version: 3    Revision Date: 09/12/2024

For Research Use Only. Not for diagnostic or therapeutic use.

 

This product is supplied subject to the terms and conditions, including the limited license, located at www.biolegend.com/terms) ("Terms") and may be used only as provided in the Terms. Without limiting the foregoing, BioLegend products may not be used for any Commercial Purpose as defined in the Terms, resold in any form, used in manufacturing, or reverse engineered, sequenced, or otherwise studied or used to learn its design or composition without express written approval of BioLegend. Regardless of the information given in this document, user is solely responsible for determining any license requirements necessary for user’s intended use and assumes all risk and liability arising from use of the product. BioLegend is not responsible for patent infringement or any other risks or liabilities whatsoever resulting from the use of its products.

 

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