IHC staining of biotin anti-β-Amyloid, 1-16 antibody (clone 6E10) on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded human Alzheimer's disease brain tissue. Following antigen retrieval using 88% formic acid for 20 minutes at room temperature, the tissue was incubated with 10 µg/ml of the primary antibody for 60 minutes at room temperature. For detection, the HRP labeling reagent and DAB from BioLegend's Ultra Streptavidin (USA) HRP Detection Kit were used (Ultra Streptavidin (USA) HRP Detection Kit (Multi-Species, DAB); Cat. No. 929901). Slides were counterstained with hematoxylin, according to the protocol provided. The image was captured with a 40X objective. Scale bar: 50 µm
IHC staining of biotin anti-β-Amyloid, 1-16 antibody (clone 6E10) on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded human Alzheimer's disease brain tissue. Following antigen retrieval using 88% formic acid for 20 minutes at room temperature, the tissue was incubated with 10 µg/ml of the primary antibody for 60 minutes at room temperature. For detection, the HRP labeling reagent and DAB from BioLegend's Ultra Streptavidin (USA) HRP Detection Kit were used (Ultra Streptavidin (USA) HRP Detection Kit (Multi-Species, DAB); Cat. No. 929901). Slides were counterstained with hematoxylin, according to the protocol provided. The image was captured with a 40X objective. Scale bar: 50 µm
Alzheimer's disease is characterized by the accumulation of aggregated Aβ peptides in senile plaques and vascular deposits. Aβ peptides are derived from amyloid precursor proteins (APP) through sequential proteolytic cleavage of APP by β-secretases and γ-secretases generating diverse Aβ species. Aβ can aggregate to form soluble oligomeric species and insoluble fibrillar or amorphous assemblies. Some forms of the aggregated peptides are toxic to neurons.
Phosphate-buffered solution; no preservatives or carrier proteins.
Preparation
The antibody was purified by affinity chromatography.
Concentration
1 mg/mL
Storage & Handling
The antibody solution should be stored undiluted between 2°C and 8°C. Please note the storage condition for this antibody has been changed from -20°C to between 2°C and 8°C. You can also check your vial or your CoA to find the most accurate storage condition for this antibody.
Each lot of this antibody is quality control tested by formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded immunohistochemical staining. For immunohistochemistry, a concentration range of 1.0 - 10 µg/ml is suggested. It is recommended that the reagent be titrated for optimal performance for each application.
Application Notes
This antibody is reactive to amino acid residue 1-16 of beta amyloid. The epitope lies within amino acids 3-8 of beta amyloid (EFRHDS).
This antibody clone has been reported for use in immunohistochemistry of free-floating sections2,13.
Application References
(PubMed link indicates BioLegend citation)
Thakker DR, et al. 2009. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 106(11):4501-6. (IHC)PubMed
Oddo S, et al. 2005. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 102(8):3046-51. (IHC-other)PubMed
Herzig M, et al. 2004. Nat. Neuro. 7(9):954-959. (WB)PubMed
Zheng Y, et al. 2012. PLoS One 6:39035. (IHC-F)PubMed
Abramowksi D, et al. J Neurosci. 32:1273. (WB)PubMed
Forny-Germano L, et al. 2014. J. Neurosci. 34:13629. (WB, IHC)PubMed
Gowert NS, et al. 2014. PLoS One 2:e90523. (ICC, EM)PubMed
Sandoval-Hernández A, et al. 2015. PLoS One. 10: 0145467. (IHC-F)
Kumar R, et al. 2016. Brain. 139:174-92 (WB)
Miyamoto T, et al. 2016. J. Biol. Chem. 291:1719-34. (WB)
Saito S, et al. 2017. Acta Neuropathol. Commun. 5:26-9. (IHC-P)PubMed
Omata Y, et al. 2016. Aging (Albany NY) 8(3):427. (IHC-P)PubMed
Peng W, et al. 2016. Neurobiol. Dis. 93:215. (IHC-other)PubMed
Mandler M, et al. 2015. PLoS One. e0115237. (WB, IHC, ELISA)PubMed
Product Citations
Alfonso S, et al. 2016. Sci Signal. 9: ra47. PubMed
Sompol P, et al. 2021. Aging Cell. :e13416. PubMed
Braun DJ, et al. 2023. PLoS One. 18:e0286495. PubMed
Jiang Z, et al. 2022. Anesth Analg. 641:135. PubMed
Karaahmet B, et al. 2023. Pharmaceutics. :15. PubMed
Mateus A, et al. 2017. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 114:E6231. PubMed
Amyloid precursor protein is a 770 amino acid protein with a molecular mass of ~100 kD. According to the UniProtKB database, APP (ID# P05067) has 11 isoforms (34 to ~90 kD) and the 770 form has been designated as the canonical form. Isoform APP695 is the predominant form expressed in neuronal tissue. Isoforms APP751 and APP770 are widely expressed in non-neuronal cells. Isoform APP751 is the most abundant form in T-lymphocytes. Aβ denotes peptides of 36-43 amino acids generated from cleavage of APP by secretases. Aβ has an apparent molecular mass of about 4 kD.
Distribution
Tissue distribution: Primarily nervous system, but also adipose tissue, intestine, muscle.
Cellular distribution: Cytosol, endosomes, nucleus, plasma membrane, extracellular, and golgi apparatus.
Function
The normal function of Aβ is not well understood. Several potential physiological roles have been proposed, including: activation of kinase enzymes; protection against oxidative stress; regulation of cholesterol transport; transcription factor, and as an anti-microbial agent.
Biology Area
Cell Biology, Neurodegeneration, Neuroscience, Protein Misfolding and Aggregation
Molecular Family
APP/β-Amyloid
Antigen References
Kumar A, et al. 2015. Pharmacol. Rep. 67(2):195.
Sadigh-Eteghad S, et al. 2015. Med. Princ. Pract. 24(1):1
Hampel H, et al. 2015. Expert Rev. Neurother. 15(1):83.
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