- Regulatory Status
- RUO
- Other Names
- HUAT, Lectin, galactoside-binding, soluble, 9 (LGALS9), LGALS9A
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Immobilized recombinant human Galectin-9 supports the adhesion of Jurkat human acute T cell leukemia cells in a dose-dependent manner. ED50 for this effect is 0.25 - 1.2 µg/mL.
| Cat # | Size | Price | Quantity Check Availability | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 754802 | 10 µg | $112.00 | |||
| 754804 | 25 µg | $218.00 | |||
| 754806 | 100 µg | $546.00 | |||
Select size of product is eligible for a 40% discount! Promotion valid until December 31, 2024. Exclusions apply. To view full promotion terms and conditions or to contact your local BioLegend representative to receive a quote, visit our webpage.
Galectins constitute a family of conserved animal lectins, which are characterized by their affinity for poly-N-acetyllactosamine-enriched glycoconjugates and sequence similarities in the carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD). In vertebrates, the Galectin family comprises 15 members. Galectins have been classified into three types: a) Prototype monomeric Galectins with a single polypeptide chain that dimerize (Galectin-1, -2, -5, -7, -10, -11, -13 -14, and -15); b) Tandem repeat galectins composed of a single polypeptide chain with two CRDs, joined by a linker peptide (Galectin-4, -6, -8, -9, and -12); and c) Chimeric galectin, thus far containing only Galectin-3, which consists of one C-terminal CRD linked to an N-terminal domain. Galectin-9 may be retained intracellularly or transported to the cell surface where it can be cleaved to generate a soluble form. Galectin-9 functions in effector and regulatory phases of the immune response. During inflammation, the production of Galectin-9 in vivo generates a microenvironment that limits effector T cell responses. Galectin-9 can negatively regulate the Th1 immune response by engaging TIM-3 on T cells, which leads to induction of intracellular Ca2+ influx and activation of apoptosis pathways. In addition, Galectin-9 has been shown to function as a urate transporter in the kidney. Galectin-9 has been identified as a possible prognostic marker in breast cancer, melanoma, and oral squamous cell carcinomas.
Product Details
- Source
- Human Galectin-9, amino acids Met-(Ala2-Thr323) (Accession# NP_002299) was expressed in E.coli.
- Molecular Mass
- The 355 amino acid recombinant protein has a predicted molecular mass of approximately 35.5 kD. The protein migrates at approximately 40 kD in both DTT-reducing and non-reducing conditions by SDS-PAGE. The predicted N-terminal amino acid is Met.
- Purity
- >95%, as determined by Coomassie stained SDS-PAGE.
- Formulation
- 0.22 µm filtered protein solution is in pH 7.4, 20 mM MOPS, 0.5M NaCl, 7.5% sucrose, 10 mM 2-ME, and 1 mM EDTA.
- Endotoxin Level
- Less than 1 EU per µg cytokine as determined by the LAL method.
- Concentration
- 10 and 25 µg sizes are bottled at 100 µg/mL. 100 µg size and larger sizes are lot-specific and bottled at the concentration indicated on the vial. To obtain lot-specific concentration and expiration, please enter the lot number in our Certificate of Analysis online tool.
- Storage & Handling
- Unopened vial can be stored between 2°C and 8°C for up to 2 weeks, at -20°C for up to six months, or at -70°C or colder until the expiration date. For maximum results, quick spin vial prior to opening. The protein can be aliquoted and stored at -20°C or colder. Stock solutions can also be prepared at 50 - 100 µg/mL in appropriate sterile buffer, carrier protein such as 0.2 - 1% BSA or HSA can be added when preparing the stock solution. Aliquots can be stored between 2°C and 8°C for up to one week and stored at -20°C or colder for up to 3 months. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles.
- Activity
- Galectin-9 induces agglutination of human red blood cells at a minimum effective concentration of 1.6 µg/ml.
- Application
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Bioassay
- Application Notes
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BioLegend carrier-free recombinant proteins provided in liquid format are shipped on blue-ice. Our comparison testing data indicates that when handled and stored as recommended, the liquid format has equal or better stability and shelf-life compared to commercially available lyophilized proteins after reconstitution. Our liquid proteins are verified in-house to maintain activity after shipping on blue ice and are backed by our 100% satisfaction guarantee. If you have any concerns, contact us at tech@biolegend.com.
Antigen Details
- Structure
- Homodimer.
- Distribution
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Galectin-9 is expressed by lymphocytes, dendritic cells, neutrophils, eosinophils, astrocytes, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, thymus stromal cells, and epithelial cells.
- Function
- Cell aggregation, adhesion, chemotaxis, apoptosis, suppression of Th1 and Th17 responses, and induction of regulatory T cells. IFN-γ induces galectin-9 expression in fibroblasts, endothelial, and Kupffer cells. IL-1β and IL-5 induces it in astrocytes and eosinophils, respectively.
- Interaction
- Extracellular matrix.
- Ligand/Receptor
- Galectin-9 binds to glycans featuring galactose and its derivatives: CD44 and TIM-3.
- Biology Area
- Apoptosis/Tumor Suppressors/Cell Death, Cell Adhesion, Cell Biology, Cell Motility/Cytoskeleton/Structure, Immunology, Stem Cells
- Molecular Family
- Adhesion Molecules, Immune Checkpoint Receptors
- Antigen References
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1. Toscano MA, et al. 2009. Nat. Immunol. Rev. 9:338.
2. Hadari YR, et al. 2000. J. Cell Sci. 113:2385.
3. Tsuboi Y, et al. 2007. Clin. Immunol. 124:221.
4. Zhu C, et al. 2005. Nat. Immunol. 6:1245.
5. Wu C, et al. 2014. Immunity 41:270.
6. Graessler J, et al. 2000. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 486:179.
7. Bacigalupo ML, et al. 2013. World J. Gastroenterol. 47:8831. - Gene ID
- 3965 View all products for this Gene ID
- UniProt
- View information about Galectin-9 on UniProt.org