- Regulatory Status
- RUO
- Other Names
- Cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor (CSIF)
-
Human IL-10 inhibits the production of IFNγ in PMA activated PBMC.
| Cat # | Size | Price | Quantity Check Availability | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 573202 | 10 µg | $229.00 | |||
| 573204 | 25 µg | $464.00 | |||
| 573206 | 100 µg | $1406.00 | |||
IL-10 was first described as a cytokine that is produced by T helper 2 (Th2) cell clones. It inhibits interferon (IFN)-g synthesis in Th1 cell, and therefore it was initially called ‘cytokine synthesis inhibiting factor’ (CSIF). Macrophages are the main source of IL-10 and its secretion can be stimulated by endotoxin (via Toll-like receptor 4, NF-kB dependent), tumor necrosis factor TNF-a (via TNF receptor p55, NF-kB-dependent), catecholamines, and IL-1. IL-10 controls inflammatory processes by suppressing the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules, as well as antigen-presenting and costimulatory molecules in monocytes/macrophages, neutrophils, and T cells. IL-10 inhibits the production of proinflammatory mediators by monocytes and macrophages such as endotoxin- and IFNg-induced release of IL-1a, IL-6, IL-8, G-CSF, GM-CSF, and TNF-a. In addition, it enhances the production of anti-inflammatory mediators such as IL-1RA and soluble TNFa receptors. IL-10 inhibits the capacity of monocytes and macrophages to present antigen to T cells. This is realized by down-regulation of constitutive and IFNg-induced cell surface levels of MHC class II, of costimulatory molecules such as CD86 and of some adhesion molecules such as CD58. IL-10 belongs to a family of nine members: IL-10, IL-19, IL-20, IL-22, IL-24, IL-26, and the more distantly related IL-28A, IL-28B, and IL-29. This family of cytokines emerged before the adaptive immune response.
Product Details
- Source
- Human IL-10, amino acids Ser19-Asn178 (Accession # NM_000572), was expressed in 293E cells, using human IL-2 signal peptide.
- Molecular Mass
- The 160 amino acid recombinant protein has a predicted molecular mass of 18,647 Da. The DTT-reduced protein migrates at approximately 18 kD and the non-reduced protein migrates slightly with faster mobility by SDS-PAGE. The N-terminal amino acid is Serine.
- Purity
- >95%, as determined by Coomassie stained SDS-PAGE.
- Formulation
- 0.22 µm filtered protein solution is in PBS
- Endotoxin Level
- Less than 0.01 ng per µg cytokine as determined by the LAL method.
- Concentration
- 10 and 25 µg sizes are bottled at 200 µg/mL. 100 µg size and larger sizes are lot-specific and bottled at the concentration indicated on the vial. To obtain lot-specific concentration and expiration, please enter the lot number in our Certificate of Analysis online tool.
- Storage & Handling
- Unopened vial can be stored between 2°C and 8°C for up to 2 weeks, at -20°C for up to six months, or at -70°C or colder until the expiration date. For maximum results, quick spin vial prior to opening. The protein can be aliquoted and stored at -20°C or colder. Stock solutions can also be prepared at 50 - 100 µg/mL in appropriate sterile buffer, carrier protein such as 0.2 - 1% BSA or HSA can be added when preparing the stock solution. Aliquots can be stored between 2°C and 8°C for up to one week and stored at -20°C or colder for up to 3 months. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles.
- Activity
- ED50 = 0.1 - 0.3 ng/ml corresponding to a specific activity of 3.3 - 10 x 106 units/mg, as determined by the dose dependent inhibition of IFNg production by PHA activated PBMC.
- Application
-
Bioassay
- Application Notes
-
BioLegend carrier-free recombinant proteins provided in liquid format are shipped on blue-ice. Our comparison testing data indicates that when handled and stored as recommended, the liquid format has equal or better stability and shelf-life compared to commercially available lyophilized proteins after reconstitution. Our liquid proteins are verified in-house to maintain activity after shipping on blue ice and are backed by our 100% satisfaction guarantee. If you have any concerns, contact us at tech@biolegend.com.
Antigen Details
- Distribution
-
IL-10 is produce by Th2 cells, macrophages, DCs, B cells, CD8+ T cells, regulatory T cells (Tregs), Th1 cells and Th17 cells. In addition, IL-10 is expressed by monocytes, B cells, eosinophils, and mast cells.
- Function
- IL-10 is an immunoregulatory cytokine. Its main function is the limitation and termination of inflammatory responses and the regulation of differentiation and proliferation of several immune cells such as T cells, B cells, natural killer cells, antigen-presenting cells, mast cells, and granulocytes.
- Interaction
- IL-10R is expressed in monocytes, NK, B and T cells. In addition, Langerhans cells, dermal dendritic cells, eosinophils, mast cells, and endothelial cells can respond to IL-10.
- Ligand/Receptor
- IL-10 binds to their receptors IL-10R1 and IL-10R2, and initiates a STAT3-dependent signaling cascade.
- Biology Area
- Cell Biology, Immunology
- Molecular Family
- Cytokines/Chemokines
- Antigen References
-
1. Fiorentino DF, et al. 1989. J. Exp. Med. 170:2081.
2. Ho AS, et al. P. Natl. Acad. Sci. 1993. 90:11267.
3. Hart PH, et al. 1996. J. Immunol. 157:3672.
4. Asadullah K, et al. 2003. Pharmacol. Rev. 55:241.
5. Mosser DM and Zhang X. 2008. Immunol. Rev. 226:205.
6. Maynard CL and Weaver CT. 2008. Immunol. Rev. 226:219.
7. Ouyang W, et al. 2010. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 30:559. - Gene ID
- 3586 View all products for this Gene ID
- UniProt
- View information about IL-10 on UniProt.org