- Regulatory Status
- RUO
- Other Names
- B cell growth factor 1 (BCGF-1), B-cell stimulatory factor 1 (BSF-1), Interleukin-4, lymphocyte stimulatory factor 1, MGC79402
| Cat # | Size | Price | Quantity Check Availability | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 714904 | 20 µg | $253.00 | |||
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IL-4 is the primary cytokine implicated in the development of Th2-mediated responses, which is associated with allergy and asthma. The type I receptor comprises IL-4Rα and the common gamma-chain (γc), which is also shared by the cytokines IL-2, -7, -9, -15 and -21 and is present in hematopoietic cells. IL-4 can use the type II complex, comprising IL-4Rα and IL-13Rα1, which is present in non-hematopoietic cells. This second receptor complex is a functional receptor for IL-13, which shares approximately 25% homology with IL-4. The type I receptor complex can be formed only by IL-4 and is active in Th2 development. In contrast, the type II receptor complex formed by either IL-4 or IL-13 is more active during airway hypersensitivity and mucus secretion and is not found in T cells.
Product Details
- Source
- Human IL-4, amino acids His25-Ser153 (Accession# NM_000589), was expressed in E. coli.
- Molecular Mass
- The 130 amino acid N-terminal methionylated recombinant protein has a predicted molecular mass of 15.1 kD. The predicted N-terminal amino acid is Met.
- Purity
- >98%, as determined by Coomassie stained SDS-PAGE and HPLC analysis.
- Formulation
- Lyophilized, carrier-free.
- Endotoxin Level
- Less than 0.1 ng per µg of protein.
- Storage & Handling
- Unopened vial can be stored at -20°C or -70°C. For maximum results, quick spin vial prior to opening. Reconstitute in water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/ml. Do not vortex. It is recommended to further dilute in a buffer, such as 5% Trehalose, and store working aliquots at -20°C to -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles.
- Activity
- ED50 is ≤ 0.2 ng/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of ≥ 5.0 x 106 units/mg as determined by the dose-dependent stimulation of the proliferation of human TF-1 cells.
- Application
-
Bioassay
- Product Citations
-
Antigen Details
- Structure
- Cytokine
- Distribution
- IL-4 is produced by Th2 cells, naive CD4+ T cells, NKT cells, and basophils.
- Function
- IL-4 plays a crucial role in the differentiation of Th2 cells and induction of Th2 associated cytokines. IL-4, through its activation of STAT6, upregulates GATA3 expression and also suppresses Th1 and Th17 cell responses, partly through the upregulation of growth factor independent 1 (GFI1), a transcriptional repressor of IFN-γ and IL-17 production. IL-4 induces macrophage activation and TSLP production. IL-4 recruits and activates IgE-producing B cells (IgE class switching) and enhances IgE-mediated responses by up-regulating IgE receptors on B lymphocytes, mast cells, and basophils. In addition, IL-4 also induces VCAM-1 on vascular endothelium and thus directs the migration of T cells, monocytes, basophils, and eosinophils to the inflammation site.
- Interaction
- T cells, B cells, macrophages, epithelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and bronchial fibroblasts.
- Ligand/Receptor
- IL-4 signals through type I (IL-4Rα, γc) and type II receptor (IL-4Rα, IL-13Rα1) complexes.
- Cell Type
- Hematopoietic stem and progenitors, Embryonic Stem Cells
- Biology Area
- Cell Biology, Stem Cells, Immunology
- Molecular Family
- Cytokines/Chemokines
- Antigen References
-
1. Swain SL, et al. 1990. J. Immunol. 145:3796.
2. Hsieh CS, et al. 1992. P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89:6065.
3. Allison-Lynn A, et al. 2006. J. Immunol. 176:7456.
4. Kato A, et al. 2007. J. Immunol. 179:1080.
5. LaPorte SL, et al. 2008. Cell 132:259.
6. Martinez FO, et al. 2009. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 27:451. - Gene ID
- 3565 View all products for this Gene ID
- UniProt
- View information about IL-4 on UniProt.org