- Regulatory Status
- RUO
- Other Names
- Lymphotoxin-alpha (LT-α), Tumor necrosis factor-β, TNFSF1
| Cat # | Size | Price | Quantity Check Availability | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 562603 | 5 µg | $147.00 | |||
| 562604 | 20 µg | $229.00 | |||
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LT-α, also known as TNF-β, is a potent mediator of inflammatory and immune responses. It belongs to the TNF superfamily of ligands and signals through TNFR1 and TNFR2. LT-α is produced by activated T and B lymphocytes, and has similar activities to TNF-α. Like TNF-α, LT-α (TNF-β) is involved in the regulation of various biological processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, lipid metabolism, coagulation, and neurotransmission. LT-α is secreted as a soluble polypeptide, but can form heterotrimers with LT-β, which effectively anchors the LT-α to the cell surface. LT-α is cytotoxic to a wide range of tumor cells. Recombinant human LT-α is secreted 171 amino acid protein (18.6 kD) which forms an active non-disulfide linked homotrimer structure in solution.
Product Details
- Source
- E. coli, approximately 18.6 kD
- Formulation
- Sterile filtered through a 0.2 micron filter. Lyophilized from 0.3x PBS, pH 7.2.
- Endotoxin Level
- Less than 0.1 ng per µg of protein.
- Storage & Handling
- Unopened vial can be stored at -20°C or -70°C. For maximum results, quick spin vial prior to opening. Reconstitute in water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/ml. Do not vortex. It is recommended to further dilute in a buffer containing a carrier protein such as 0.1% BSA and store working aliquots at -20°C to -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles.
- Activity
- The ED50 as determined by cytolysis of murine L929 cells in the presence of Actinomycin D is ≤0.05 ng/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of ≥ 2 x 107 units/mg.
- Application
-
ELISA, Bioassay
- Recommended Usage
-
Each lot of this protein is quality control tested by ELISA assay. For use as an ELISA standard, a standard curve comprised of doubling dilutions from 2000 pg/ml to 16 pg/ml is suggested. It is recommended that the reagent be titrated for optimal performance for each application.
- Application Notes
-
ELISA: This LT-α protein is useful as a standard for a human LT-α sandwich ELISA, using unlabeled 359-238-8 antibody (catalog #503002) for capture and biotinylated 359-81-11 antibody (catalog #503104) for detection. Ligand Blocking: This LT-α protein is useful as a ligand-blocking specificity control for immunohistochemical or immunofluorescent staining. Bioassay: This LT-α protein is biologically active, and can be used for in vitro assays.
Antigen Details
- Structure
- TNF superfamily; trimer
- Bioactivity
- The ED50 as determined by cytolysis of murine L929 cells in the presence of Actinomycin D is ≤0.05 ng/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of ≥ 2 x 107 units/mg.
- Cell Sources
- Activated T and B cells, fibroblasts, astrocytes, myeloma, endothelial cells, epithelial cells
- Cell Targets
- Monocytes, B cells, fibroblasts, neutrophils, osteoclasts, keratinocytes, endothelial cells
- Biology Area
- Cell Biology, Immunology, Innate Immunity, Neuroinflammation, Neuroscience
- Molecular Family
- Cytokines/Chemokines
- Antigen References
-
1. Fitzgerald K, et al. Eds. 2001. The Cytokine FactsBook. Academic Press San Diego.
2. Aggarwal B, et al.Eds. 1992. Tumor necrosis factors:structure function and mechanism of action. Marcel Dekker Inc.
3. Bonavida B, et al.Eds. 1990. Tumor necrosis factor:structure mechanisms of action role in disease and therapy. Karger Basel.
4. Paul N, et al. 1987. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 6:407. - Regulation
- Type II integral membrane protein, forms heterotrimer with type II integral membrane protein LT-β either as LTα1β2 or LTα2β1; processed secreted form is trimeric
- Gene ID
- 4049 View all products for this Gene ID
- UniProt
- View information about LT-alpha on UniProt.org