- Regulatory Status
- RUO
- Other Names
- Platelet-Derived Growth Factor-AA, Glioma-derived growth factor (GDGF), Osteosarcoma-derived Growth Factor (ODGF)
| Cat # | Size | Price | Quantity Check Availability | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 712402 | 10 µg | $253.00 | |||
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Platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs) are homo- or heterodimers of four polypeptides, known as A, B, C and D chains. PDGFs usually acts primarily in paracrine manner and may be engaged in autocrine loops in tumors. Five PDGF isoforms (AA, BB, AB, CC and DD) have been identified. PDGFs are primarily synthesized, stored, and released by platelets upon activation. PDGF-A and PDGF-B undergo intracellular activation during transport in the exocytic pathway and PDGF-C and PDGF-B are activated by extracellular proteases. Like PDGF-B, intracellular activation of PDGF-A, by removing the N-terminal sequence, is required for PDGF-A to bind to its receptor. PDGF-A can also be expressed by epithelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and neuronal progenitors. PDGF-AA is well known as a potent mitogen for the proliferation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs). PDGF-AA can promote embryonic forebrain neural stem cells into O4-positive oligodendrocytes by activating Erk pathway. PDGF-AA also plays an important role in directing cell migration during embryonic development and postnatal migration response including wound healing. Chemotaxis abilty of PDGF-AA has been shown on fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, monocytes, and granulocytes.
Product Details
- Source
- Human PDGF-AA, amino acids Ser87-Thr211 (Accession# NP_002598.4), was expressed in E. coli.
- Molecular Mass
- The 125 amino acid recombinant protein has a predicted molecular mass of approximately 14.3 kD. This protein exists as a disulfide-linked homodimer and the predicted molecular mass is 28.5 kD. The predicted N-terminal amino acid is Ser.
- Purity
- >98%, as determined by Coomassie stained SDS-PAGE and HPLC analysis.
- Formulation
- Lyophilized, carrier-free.
- Endotoxin Level
- Less than 0.1 ng per µg of protein.
- Storage & Handling
- Unopened vial can be stored at -20°C or -70°C. For maximum results, quick spin vial prior to opening. Reconstitute in water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/ml. Do not vortex. It is recommended to further dilute in a buffer, such as 5% Trehalose, and store working aliquots at -20°C to -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles.
- Activity
- Determined by the dose-dependent stimulation of the proliferation of Balb/c 3T3 cells. The expected ED50 for this effect is 1.0 - 3.0 ng/mL.
- Application
-
Bioassay
- Application Notes
-
This product is reactive with human, dog, monkey, mouse, and rat.
- Product Citations
-
Antigen Details
- Structure
- Disulfide-linked homodimer
- Distribution
-
Platelets produce PDGF-AA. Other cells, including epithelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and neuronal progenitors, can also produce PDGF-AA.
- Function
- PDGF-A has two isoforms due to alternative splicing which is cell type-specific and is different among organs and tumor cell lines. Expression of PDGF-A can be increased in human uterine smooth muscle cells during the physiological hypertrophy. Expression of PDGF-A can be repressed by glucocorticoid treatment of smooth muscle cells and aging of human fibroblasts.
- Interaction
- Smooth muscle cells, connective tissue cells, bone and cartilage cells, and oligodendrocyte cells.
- Ligand/Receptor
- PDGFR-αα
- Cell Type
- Hematopoietic stem and progenitors, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Neural Stem Cells
- Biology Area
- Angiogenesis, Cell Biology, Immunology, Neuroscience, Neuroscience Cell Markers, Stem Cells
- Molecular Family
- Cytokines/Chemokines, Growth Factors
- Antigen References
-
1. Heldin CH and Westermark B. 1999. Physiol. Rev. 79:1283.
2. Fredriksson L, et al. 2004. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 15:197.
3. Hu JG, et al. 2012. J. Mol. Neurosci. 46:644.
4. Schneider L, et al. 2010. Cell Physiol. Biochem. 25:279.
5. Karlsson C and Paulsson Y. 1994. J. Cell Physiol. 158:256.
6. Shure D, et al. 1992. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 186:1510. - Gene ID
- 5154 View all products for this Gene ID
- UniProt
- View information about PDGF-AA on UniProt.org