- Regulatory Status
- RUO
- Other Names
- Cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor (CSIF)
| Cat # | Size | Price | Quantity Check Availability | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 575802 | 10 µg | $206.00 | |||
| 575804 | 25 µg | $347.00 | |||
| 575806 | 100 µg | $698.00 | |||
| 575808 | 500 µg | $2461.00 | |||
IL-10 was first described as a cytokine that is produced by T helper 2 (Th2) cell clones. It inhibits interferon (IFN)-g synthesis in Th1 cell, and therefore it was initially called cytokine synthesis inhibiting factor (CSIF). Macrophages are the main source of IL-10 and its secretion can be stimulated by endotoxin (via Toll-like receptor 4, NF-κB dependent), tumor necrosis factor TNF-α (via TNF receptor p55, NF-kB-dependent), catecholamines, and IL-1. IL-10 controls inflammatory processes by suppressing the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules, as well as antigen-presenting and costimulatory molecules in monocytes/macrophages, neutrophils, and T cells. IL-10 inhibits the production of proinflammatory mediators by monocytes and macrophages such as endotoxin- and IFN-g-induced release of IL-1a, IL-6, IL-8, G-CSF, GM-CSF, and TNF-a. In addition, it enhances the production of anti-inflammatory mediators such as IL-1RA and soluble TNFα receptors. IL-10 inhibits the capacity of monocytes and macrophages to present antigen to T cells. This is realized by down-regulation of constitutive and IFNγ-induced cell surface levels of MHC class II, of costimulatory molecules such as CD86 and of some adhesion molecules such as CD58.
Product Details
- Source
- Mouse IL-10, amino acids Ser19-Ser178 (Accession # NM_010548) with a Cys149Tyr substitution, was expressed in E. coli.
- Molecular Mass
- The 161 amino acid N-terminal methionylated recombinant protein has a predicted molecular mass of 18.9 kDa. The DTT-reduced protein migrates at approximately 18kDa and non-reduced protein migrates at approximately 15kDa by SDS-PAGE.
- Purity
- Purity is >98%, as determined by Coomassie stained SDS-PAGE.
- Formulation
- 0.22 µm filtered protein solution is in 20 mM Tris, 150 mM NaCl; pH 7.5.
- Endotoxin Level
- Endotoxin level is <0.1 EU/µg (<0.01ng/µg) protein as determined by the LAL method.
- Concentration
- 10 and 25 µg sizes are bottled at 200 µg/mL. 100 µg size and larger sizes are lot-specific and bottled at the concentration indicated on the vial. To obtain lot-specific concentration and expiration, please enter the lot number in our Certificate of Analysis online tool.
- Storage & Handling
- Unopened vial can be stored between 2°C and 8°C for up to 2 weeks, at -20°C for up to six months, or at -70°C or colder until the expiration date. For maximum results, quick spin vial prior to opening. The protein can be aliquoted and stored at -20°C or colder. Stock solutions can also be prepared at 50 - 100 µg/mL in appropriate sterile buffer, carrier protein such as 0.2 - 1% BSA or HSA can be added when preparing the stock solution. Aliquots can be stored between 2°C and 8°C for up to one week and stored at -20°C or colder for up to 3 months. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles.
- Activity
- ED50 = 0.1- 0.5 ng/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of 2- 10 x 106 units/mg, as determined by the dose dependent stimulation MC/9 cell proliferation.
- Application
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Bioassay
- Application Notes
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BioLegend carrier-free recombinant proteins provided in liquid format are shipped on blue-ice. Our comparison testing data indicates that when handled and stored as recommended, the liquid format has equal or better stability and shelf-life compared to commercially available lyophilized proteins after reconstitution. Our liquid proteins are verified in-house to maintain activity after shipping on blue ice and are backed by our 100% satisfaction guarantee. If you have any concerns, contact us at tech@biolegend.com.
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Application References
(PubMed link indicates BioLegend citation) - Product Citations
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Antigen Details
- Distribution
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IL-10 is produce by Th2 cells, macrophages, DCs, B cells, CD8+ T cells, regulatory T cells (Tregs), Th1 cells and Th17 cells. In addition, IL-10 is expressed by monocytes, B cells, eosinophils, and mast cells.
- Function
- IL-10 is an immunoregulatory cytokine. Its main function is the limitation and termination of inflammatory responses and the regulation of differentiation and proliferation of several immune cells such as T cells, B cells, natural killer cells, antigen-presenting cells, mast cells, and granulocytes.
- Interaction
- IL-10R is expressed in monocytes, NK, B and T cells. In addition Langerhans cells, dermal dendritic cells, eosinophils, mast cells, and endothelial cells can respond to IL-10.
- Ligand/Receptor
- IL-10 binds to their receptors IL-10R1 and IL-10R2, and initiates a STAT3-dependent signaling cascade.
- Biology Area
- Immunology
- Molecular Family
- Cytokines/Chemokines
- Antigen References
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1. Fiorentino DF, et al. J. Exp. Med. 170:2081-2095 1989.
2. Ho AS, et al. P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90:11267-11271 1993.
3. Hart PH, et al. J. Immunol. 157:3672-3680 1996.
4. Asadullah K, et al. Pharmacol Rev 55:241-269 2003.
5. Mosser DM and Zhang X Immunol. Rev. 226:205-218 2008.
6. Maynard CL and Weaver CT Immunol. Rev. 226:219-233 2008. - Gene ID
- 16153 View all products for this Gene ID
- UniProt
- View information about IL-10 on UniProt.org