- Regulatory Status
- RUO
- Other Names
- Interleukin-4, B-cell stimulating factor-1 (BSF-1), Ia inducing factor (IaIF), Hodgkin's cell growth factor (HCGF), Mast cell growth factor-2 (MCGF-2), Macrophage fusion factor (MFF), T cell growth factor-2 (TCGF-2)
| Cat # | Size | Price | Quantity Check Availability | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 715004 | 20 µg | $253.00 | |||
This product is not available for shipping outside of the United States.
IL-4 is a member of the short four-helix bundle family of cytokines. IL-4 is produced by Th2 cells in response to antigen receptor engagement. Dendritic cells can prime naïve CD4+ T cell; nevertheless, it has been described that dendritic cell mediated priming is insufficient for the development of Th2 cell-dependent immunity. Basophils have been identified as a source of IL-4 in the initial naïve CD4+ T cell priming. These cells coexpress MHC class II and IL-4 following helminth infection. Therefore, murine basophils could present antigens to naïve T cells, thus promoting Th2 cell differentiation during allergic and anti-parasitic immune responses. In addition, it was previously known that upon cross-linkage of the high affinity receptor for immunoglobulin E, IL-4 is produced by NK cells, mast cells, and basophils. Cells of hematopoietic stem cell origin express the type I receptor for IL-4 (IL-4Ra, γc), and cells of non-hematopoietic stem cell origin express type II receptor (IL-4Ra, IL-13Ra1). Type I receptor complexes are active in regulating Th2 development. In contrast, the type II receptor complex is active in regulating cells that mediate airway hypersensitivity and mucus secretion.
Product Details
- Source
- Mouse IL-4, amino acids His21-Ser140 (Accession# NM_021283), was expressed in E. coli.
- Molecular Mass
- The 121 amino acid N-terminal methionylated recombinant protein has a predicted molecular mass of 13.5 kD. The predicted N-terminal amino acid is Met.
- Purity
- >98%, as determined by Coomassie stained SDS-PAGE and HPLC analysis.
- Formulation
- Lyophilized, carrier-free.
- Endotoxin Level
- Less than 0.1 ng per µg of protein.
- Storage & Handling
- Unopened vial can be stored at -20°C or -70°C. For maximum results, quick spin vial prior to opening. Reconstitute in water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/ml. Do not vortex. It is recommended to further dilute in a buffer, such as 5% Trehalose, and store working aliquots at -20°C to -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles.
- Activity
- ED50 is ≤ 2.0 ng/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of ≥ 5.0 x 105 units/mg as determined by the dose-dependent stimulation of the proliferation of murine HT-2 cells.
- Application
-
Bioassay
- Product Citations
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Antigen Details
- Structure
- Cytokine
- Distribution
- IL-4 is produced by Th2 cells, NK T cells, mast cells, basophils, eosinophils, and macrophages.
- Function
- IL-4 plays a crucial role in the differentiation of Th2 cells and induction of Th2 associated cytokines. IL-4, through its activation of STAT6, upregulates GATA3 expression and also suppresses Th1 and Th17 cell responses, partly through the upregulation of growth factor independent 1 (GFI1), a transcriptional repressor of IFNγ and IL-17 production. IL-4 induces macrophage activation and TSLP production. IL-4 recruits and activates IgE-producing B cells (IgE class switching) and enhances IgE-mediated responses by up-regulating IgE receptors on B lymphocytes, mast cells, and basophils. In addition, IL-4 also induces VCAM-1 on vascular endothelium and thus directs the migration of T lymphocytes, monocytes, basophils, and eosinophils to the inflammation site.
- Interaction
- T cells, B cells, mast cells, monocytes, macrophages, fibroblast, and endothelial cells.
- Ligand/Receptor
- IL-4 signals through type I (IL-4Rα, γc) and type II receptor (IL-4Rγ, IL-13Rα1) complexes.
- Cell Type
- Hematopoietic stem and progenitors, Embryonic Stem Cells
- Biology Area
- Cell Biology, Stem Cells, Immunology
- Molecular Family
- Cytokines/Chemokines
- Antigen References
-
1. Chen. L, et al. 2004. J. Immunol. 172:2059.
2. Maroof A, et al. 2006. Immunology 117:271.
3. Sharma P, et al. 2008. Immunity 29:551.
4. Heller NM, et al. 2008. Sci. Signal 1:ra17.
5. LaPorte SL, et al. 2008. Cell 132:259.
6. Perrigoue JG, et al. 2009. Nat. Immunol. 10:697.
7. Schneider E, et al. 2010. Eur. Cytokine Netw. 21:142.
8. Leavy O. 2011. Nat. Rev. Immunol. doi:10.1038/nri2908. - Gene ID
- 16189 View all products for this Gene ID
- UniProt
- View information about IL-4 on UniProt.org