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- Regulatory Status
- RUO
- Other Names
- Epithelial mitogen, EPG, EPGN
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- Product Citations
- publications
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MCF-10A cell proliferation induced by human epigen.
| Cat # | Size | Price | Quantity Check Availability | Save | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 556404 | 25 µg | 218 CHF | ||||
Select size of product is eligible for a 40% discount! Promotion valid until December 31, 2024. Exclusions apply. To view full promotion terms and conditions or to contact your local BioLegend representative to receive a quote, visit our webpage.
Epigen was initially identified in mice by high throughput sequencing of a mouse keratinocyte library. It belongs to the EGF family of proteins that includes EGF, TGF-α, heparin-binding EGF like-growth factor (HB-EGF), amphiregulin, epiregulin, and betacellulin. Epigen shows 24-37% identity to other members of the EGF superfamily. Alignment of the EGF-like motifs of all human ErbB ligands indicate that epigen is more similar to epiregulin than other members of the family. In addition, epigen and epiregulin co-localize to the same genomic locus. All the EGF family members are synthesized as type I membrane protein precursors, which are able to undergo proteolytic cleavage at the plasma membrane to release a mature soluble ectodomain. In addition to amphiregulin, TNF-α, and HB-EGF, ADAM 17 (TACE) has an important role in ectodomain shedding of epigen. This cleavage is a key step in the control of ligand availability and receptor activation and is stimulated by phorbol esters, phosphatase inhibitors, and calcium influx. The four cell surface receptors specific for EGF-ligands are members of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase receptors. These include the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR/ErbB1), ErbB2/HER2/Neu, ErbB3/HER3, and ErbB4/HER4. Epigen induces proliferation of cells engineered to express EGFR, either alone or in combination with ErbB2. HER2 does not bind to any ligand, but it can form relatively potent receptor heterodimers. Epigen is expressed in epithelial cells of invasive breast, prostate adenocarcinomas, and in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines. It is overexpressed in bladder and breast cancer cells.
Product DetailsProduct Details
- Source
- Human Epigen, amino acids Met-(Leu54-Ala104) (Accession# NM_001270989), was expressed in E. coli.
- Molecular Mass
- The 52 amino acid recombinant protein has a predicted molecular mass of approximately 5.9 kD. The DTT-reduced and non-reduced protein migrate at approximately 8 kD by SDS-PAGE. The predicted N-terminal amino acid is Met.
- Purity
- >95%, as determined by Coomassie stained SDS-PAGE.
- Formulation
- 0.22 µm filtered protein solution is in 5 mM citric acid, 5 mM NaH2PO4, 0.15 M NaCl, pH 4.0.
- Endotoxin Level
- Less than 0.01 ng per µg cytokine as determined by the LAL method.
- Concentration
- 25 µg size is bottled at 200 µg/mL. 100 µg size and larger sizes are lot-specific and bottled at the concentration indicated on the vial. To obtain lot-specific concentration and expiration, please enter the lot number in our Certificate of Analysis online tool.
- Storage & Handling
- Unopened vial can be stored between 2°C and 8°C for up to 2 weeks, at -20°C for up to six months, or at -70°C or colder until the expiration date. For maximum results, quick spin vial prior to opening. The protein can be aliquoted and stored at -20°C or colder. Stock solutions can also be prepared at 50 - 100 µg/mL in appropriate sterile buffer, carrier protein such as 0.2 - 1% BSA or HSA can be added when preparing the stock solution. Aliquots can be stored between 2°C and 8°C for up to one week and stored at -20°C or colder for up to 3 months. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles.
- Activity
- ED50 = 1 - 5 µg/ml, as determined by induction of mammary gland epithelial MCF-10A cell proliferation.
- Application
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Bioassay
- Application Notes
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BioLegend carrier-free recombinant proteins provided in liquid format are shipped on blue-ice. Our comparison testing data indicates that when handled and stored as recommended, the liquid format has equal or better stability and shelf-life compared to commercially available lyophilized proteins after reconstitution. Our liquid proteins are verified in-house to maintain activity after shipping on blue ice and are backed by our 100% satisfaction guarantee. If you have any concerns, contact us at tech@biolegend.com.
Antigen Details
- Structure
- Cytokine.
- Distribution
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Liver, heart, testes, lung, kidney, pancreas, the outer and inner sheaths of the hair follicle, and dorsal root ganglia.
- Function
- Induces proliferation of epithelial cells, endothelial cells, and keratinocytes. It is induced by LH in granulosa cells and by IL-13 in murine primary airway epithelial cells.
- Ligand/Receptor
- Homodimer EGFR/ErbB1 and heterodimer EGFR1/ErbB2.
- Cell Type
- Embryonic Stem Cells, Hematopoietic stem and progenitors, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Neural Stem Cells
- Biology Area
- Stem Cells
- Molecular Family
- Cytokines/Chemokines, Growth Factors
- Antigen References
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1. Strachan L, et al. 2001. J. Biol. Chem. 276:18265.
2. Kochupurakkal BS, et al. 2005. J. Biol. Chem. 280:8503.
3. Sahin U, et al. 2007. FEBS Lett. 581:41.
4. Carletti MZ and Christenson LK. 2009. Reproduction 137:843.
5. Wilson KJ, et al. 2012. Growth Factors 30:107.
6. Oshima G, et al. 2012. J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. 138:491.
7. Roskoski R Jr. 2014. Pharmacol. Res. 79:34. - Gene ID
- 255324 View all products for this Gene ID
- UniProt
- View information about Epigen on UniProt.org
Related Pages & Pathways
Pathways
Related FAQs
- Why choose BioLegend recombinant proteins?
-
• Each lot of product is quality-tested for bioactivity as indicated on the data sheet.
• Greater than 95% Purity or higher, tested on every lot of product.
• 100% Satisfaction Guarantee for quality performance, stability, and consistency.
• Ready-to-use liquid format saves time and reduces challenges associated with reconstitution.
• Bulk and customization available. Contact us.
• Learn more about our Recombinant Proteins. - How does the activity of your recombinant proteins compare to competitors?
-
We quality control each and every lot of recombinant protein. Not only do we check its bioactivity, but we also compare it against other commercially available recombinant proteins. We make sure each recombinant protein’s activity is at least as good as or better than the competition’s. In order to provide you with the best possible product, we ensure that our testing process is rigorous and thorough. If you’re curious and eager to make the switch to BioLegend recombinants, contact your sales representative today!
- What is the specific activity or ED50 of my recombinant protein?
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The specific activity range of the protein is indicated on the product datasheets. Because the exact activity values on a per unit basis can largely fluctuate depending on a number of factors, including the nature of the assay, cell density, age of cells/passage number, culture media used, and end user technique, the specific activity is best defined as a range and we guarantee the specific activity of all our lots will be within the range indicated on the datasheet. Please note this only applies to recombinants labeled for use in bioassays. ELISA standard recombinant proteins are not recommended for bioassay usage as they are not tested for these applications.
- Have your recombinants been tested for stability?
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Our testing shows that the recombinant proteins are able to withstand room temperature for a week without losing activity. In addition the recombinant proteins were also found to withstand four cycles of freeze and thaw without losing activity.
- Does specific activity of a recombinant protein vary between lots?
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Specific activity will vary for each lot and for the type of experiment that is done to validate it, but all passed lots will have activity within the established ED50 range for the product and we guarantee that our products will have lot-to-lot consistency. Please conduct an experiment-specific validation to find the optimal ED50 for your system.
- How do you convert activity as an ED50 in ng/ml to a specific activity in Units/mg?
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Use formula Specific activity (Units/mg) = 10^6/ ED50 (ng/mL)
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